Wonders in the South

Gobi Gurvan saikhan Mountain 
Situated west of the city of Dalanzadgad, it is the largest of Mongolia’s national parks which extends 380km from east to west and some 80 km north to south. Surrounded by low plains, the mountains rise to 2200-2600 meters and include desert steppe and steppe at higher elevations. Fifty-two species of mammals are found here, while the mountains provide suitable habitat for threatened and endangered animals such as argali, Siberian ibex, and snow leopard. So, keep a look out for ibex and argali (wild sheep) on mountain climbs. Gobi gurvan saikhan means “Gobi three beauty”. This mountain is divided into three parts and which are named west beauty, middle beauty and east beauty. 

Yoliin am valley
Yoliin am valley is located in east Beauty Mountain of the “Gobi three beauty” and has a particular beauty with narrow paths broadening in places between rocks, while buzzards and eagles wheel and glide in the blue skies above and preserved area of east Beauty Mountain is 64 sq.km. The cliffs of the canyon block the sunlight from the rivers below, so that they remain frozen throughout the year. Even summer time there is a more than meter high ice between canyons and standing over the ice cover you can hear streams of water rushing under your feet. Yoliin am valley is named by Yol bird. Yol means “Bearded vulture”, Mongolian preserved bird and you can see in only Central Asia. This bird flies 1500-3000m high and makes their nest in more than 1700m high. Yol is much featured bird they eat carrions specially crumbed bone of animals. 

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Baga Gazriin Chuluu
Baga Gazriin Chuluu – located in Delgertsogt soum, Dundgovi province and surrounded by plain. The highest one is 15 km long and 10 km wide granite stone-mountain elevated at 1768m above sea level. There are also over 20 kinds of medical herbs like burnet, many kinds of world rare animals like marmot, ibex and mountain sheep. Also you can see Bolort Cave, eye treatment spa, rock images, petroglyphs, burial mounds many other sightseeing. There is a ruin of Choir monastery which was established by “Zava” Damdin, a famous ancient historical, religious and scientific researcher. This monastery had a monastery with few monks translate, print, explain and advertise books from Tibetan languages and research religious philosophy and medical science. 

Bayanzag or Flaming Cliffs
One of the famous places is Bayanzag, bottom of Ancient Sea which excited 60-70 million years ago where a lot of Palentological findings have been discovered. The place is known as Flaming Cliffs so named by Roy Andrew Chapman American explorer, who had visited Mongolia in 1920. During the 2 years he searched through the Mongolian Gobi Desert & he found dinosaur fossils from Bayanzag, Nemekht Mountain. He brought his palentological findings on 70 camels. Chapman presented Mongolia one large skeleton on show in the Ulaanbaatar Natural History Museum. He found 10 kinds of dinosaurs 8 were found from Mongolia. 

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Khongor sand dune
Lying around 180km from Dalanzadgad, the dunes dunes of Khongor is known as the « singing sands » and when the wind blows over the dunes it makes strange sound like the high-pitched tone of an aero plane engine about to take off or land. These dunes are largest accumulation of sand in the Gobi Gurvan Saikhan National Park, covering 965km². They rise abruptly from the plain reaching a height of 800m and extend over 6-12km wide by extending for 150km long. The spectacular dunes are bordered by lush green vegetation supported by a small river Khongoriin gol, which is fed by underground sources from surrounding mountains. Swept into constantly varying shapes by the wind, parts of their attraction is the impressive colors that the yellow-white sands take on with the changing light of day.

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Khamriin khiid monastery
Khamar Monastery was established in the 1820's by famous 19th century Mongolian educator and literary figure Danzanravjaa. The Monastery was an important centre of the Buddhist "red sect", and seat of the Gobiin Dogshin Noyon Khutagt ("Terrible Noble Saint of the Gobi"). An outspoken critic of the society in which he lived, Danzanravjaa fought against the rigid class and gender distinctions of his day. He devoted great efforts to the cause of public education, which he promoted at Khamar Monastery through the establishment of an inclusive public school, theatre, museum and library. 

The "Namtar duulakh datsan" (story-singing college), established at Khamar Monastery in the 1830s, is recognized as being Mongolia's first professional theatre. The nearby "Khuukhdiin datsan" (children's college) offered basic and vocation, artistic training for local children, who often went on to become singers and dancers, painters, sculptors, and other artists at the Monastery or in its theatre company, "Khamar Monastery was a perfectly harmonious location, having a river with many fine trees along its south part and rocky mountains with dozens of caves along its north; and the place was filled with the noise of hundreds of people playing the famous Saran Khokhoo drama”. To the north of the monastery were a series of caves where monks would practice yogic exercises and meditate in isolation for 108 days at a time, hardening their bodies whilst expanding their physical and spiritual powers.The monastery was completely destroyed by the military in 1938 during Mongolia's religious purge. Currently two small ceremonial temples and several religious monuments have been reconstructed, with more than ten lamas now in residence at the monastery. 

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Ongi Monastery
Formerly one of the largest monasteries in Mongolia, Ongi monastery was founded in 0660 and consisted of two temple complexes on the North and South banks of the Ongiin Gol river. The older southern complex consisted of various administrative buildings as well as 11 temples. The northern complex built in the 18th century, consisted of 17 temples-among them one of the largest temples in all Mongolia. The Ongi monastery grounds also 4 Buddhist universities and could accommodate over one thousand monks at a time. During the 1930’s communism spread throughout Mongolia. As part of their ideological campaign and rise to power, communists arrested most monks around Mongolia. In 1939 Ongi monastery was completely destroyed over 200 monks were killed and many surviving monks were imprisoned pr forced to join the communist controlled army. Other monks escaped certain death by becoming farmers and common workers. The water from the river was re-routed to support local mine, which were run by the Communist government. Around the Ongi monastery there are some tourist camps.

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